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Muhai Tang (b. 1949) is a prominent Chinese conductor, an artistic director of The Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra and Zhejiang Symphony Orchestra, and conductor laureate of the China National Symphony Orchestra. He graduated from the Shanghai Conservatory of Music and continued his studies with Hermann Michael at the Hochschule für Musik und Theater München in Germany.

Herbert von Karajan invited Muhai Tang to conduct Berliner Philharmoniker in 1983. The successful season launched his international career, with additional guest appearances including the London Symphony Orchestra, the London Philharmonic Orchestra, Gewandhausorchester Leipzig, Staatskapelle Dresden, Symphonie-Orchester Des Bayerischen Rundfunks, Orchestre De Paris, Orchestre National De France, The Sydney Symphony Orchestra and other prominent ensembles. Muhai debuted in the United States with The San Francisco Symphony Orchestra in 1988.

Tang served as a chief conductor of the Gulbenkian Orchestra (1988–2001), Royal Flemish Philharmonic (1991–95), Queensland Symphony Orchestra (1991–2001), Suomen Kansallisoopperan Orkesteri (2003–06), Zürcher Kammerorchester (2006–11), and Beogradska Filharmonija (2010–15).

In 2002, Tang received Grammy Award for the Best Classical Contemporary Composition as a conductor on Concert de Gaudí by Christopher Rouse (2).